Which cells are part of the adaptive immune response?

The adaptive immune response is characterized by its specificity and memory, primarily mediated by B cells and T cells. B cells are responsible for producing antibodies that can recognize and bind to specific antigens, leading to their neutralization or destruction. T cells, on the other hand, are involved in directly killing infected host cells or helping other immune cells respond more effectively through their different subsets, including helper T cells and cytotoxic T cells.

This adaptive response is what distinguishes it from the innate immune response, which includes cells such as neutrophils, macrophages, eosinophils, basophils, and natural killer cells. While these cells are vital for the immediate defense against pathogens and play important roles in inflammation and the early stages of infection, they do not possess the ability to specifically recognize antigens and generate immunological memory.

In summary, B and T cells are integral to the adaptive immune response due to their ability to recognize specific pathogens and provide long-lasting immunity, making them the correct choice.