What is one of the main effects of C3a and C5a on cells?

C3a and C5a are known as anaphylatoxins, which are important components of the complement system in immunology. One of their main effects on cells, particularly mast cells, is the release of histamine. When C3a and C5a bind to their respective receptors on mast cells, they trigger degranulation, leading to the release of various mediators, including histamine. Histamine plays a crucial role in the inflammatory response by causing vasodilation, increasing vascular permeability, and attracting immune cells to sites of infection or injury.

The function of C3a and C5a in promoting mast cell activation highlights their significance in enhancing the immune response and facilitating inflammation. This is particularly important in the context of allergic responses and defense against pathogens, as the release of histamine contributes to symptomatology and the recruitment of other immune cells.

Other response options, such as inhibiting cell replication or decreasing blood flow, do not accurately reflect the action of C3a and C5a. Instead, these complement components are more aligned with promoting inflammation and facilitating immune responses, rather than suppressing cell activity or blood flow. Similarly, while C3a and C5a can influence antibody production indirectly through their roles in